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Martin Luther Biography | Autobiography of Martin Luther King Jr
Martin Luther King's 'Dream of Equality'
Martin Luther King Jr. speech in American history makes him Civil Rights Movement leader.
Role in the Civil Rights Movement :
Slavery ended in the united North America. Two years later, the Civil War ended. Millions of farm workers in the southern states waited for the dawn of freedom. At one point, it seemed that dawn had arrived. Despite violent obstacles in South America, the army defended the freedom and voting rights of blacks. In 1877, the army withdrew, leaving the defense of South America to political emancipators. Soon, the racist parallel army, the Ku Klux Klan, formed lynching squads readmore.
Martin was an active civil rights activist. He walked 10 million km in the face of injustice. He traveled and gave 2,500 speeches. Martin’s father was a respected Christian preacher. Martin received a doctorate in Christian theology in 1955. He worked as a church pastor. He was a man with an inner desire to ‘serve God and humanity’. That summer, he gave a wonderful speech in front of 2.5 million people in the shadow of the Lincoln Memorial in Washington readmore.
A hundred years ago, a great American (Lincoln) signed the Emancipation Proclamation. This memorable beacon of hope became a beacon for the Negro slaves of the unjust darkness. It shone like a day of light that broke the dark night. However, even after a hundred years, the Negro was still not a free being. He is suffering the painful handicap of the chains of segregation and the chains of discrimination.
We are gathered here today to express this shameful state. As Martin sat down after finishing his written address, he said, “Tell me about your dream, Martin.” The singer Mahalia Jackson asked from the audience. Hearing this, Martin’s lips burst into a lively speech. Friends, we must not fall into the valley of despair.
Despite the hardships we are experiencing, I still have a dream. It is a dream deeply intertwined with the American dream. This country will move forward and live in the full sense of the nation. We will embrace these truths with our own testimony that all men are created equal.
Black and White will unite as brothers :
It is a golden dream that in the toxic, racist Alabama, where the governor’s words like ‘ban, ban’ will disappear and black and white children will one day join hands as brothers.
It is a dream that the day will come when the valleys, the hills, the highlands, the valleys will be leveled and all people will see the light of God together. This is our hope. With this faith I go. With this faith let us tear down the mountains of despair readmore.
Let us turn bitter disagreement into a brotherly voice. Let us work together, let us pray, let us fight for freedom, let us go to prison, and one day we will be free beings. On that day, all of God’s children will sing songs with new meanings.
If America is to be a great nation, freedom must be everywhere (for blacks). When that happens, blacks, whites, Jews, Gentiles, Protestants, Catholics, all of God’s children will sing the ancient Negro spiritual. We are free at last! We are free at last
Photography’s Civil Right Movement impact is huge. here include big part of Africans.
Civil Rights Movement :
Martin’s speech was a keynote in the American civil rights movement. His fiery words combined intellectual argument, religious rhetoric, and patriotic exhortation. The phrase “O my country, freedom is in the making” became a hymn. It gave new heart to black equality advocates.
It warned all politicians in Washington. Finally, in 1964, the US government passed the Civil Rights Act. It officially ended segregation. A year later, the Voting Rights Act freed African Americans from voting discrimination.
The struggle did not end. Discrimination was still severe. Disillusioned black activists rejected Martin’s militant nonviolent struggle. Martin learned nonviolent struggle from Mahatma Gandhi.
By 1968, Martin’s influence had waned. He was an optimist. I have reached the mountaintops of the Promised Land. I may not reach them with you. I want you to know tonight that as citizens we will reach the Promised Land.” The next day, April 4, 1968, 39-year-old Martin Luther King was shot and killed by a white separatist in a Memphis hotel lobby.
Martin’s speech was a keynote in the American civil rights movement.1964, the US government passed the Civil Rights Act
symbol of oppression, exclusion, untouchability, and inequality
In the American West, black skin was a symbol of oppression, exclusion, untouchability, and inequality. White supremacy, power, arrogance, false glory, exploitation, and parasitism. Martin fought for the rights of African-Americans in non-violent methods.
He presented himself as a black nationalist. X is the name of the unknown African family of his ancestors. Malcolm supported the equal rights of blacks. Malcolm criticized Martin’s peaceful campaigns.
The lessons of a great personality and visionary like Martin Luther King Jr. are not contained in a few examples or principles. His entire life is an example for others. Through his words and deeds, Martin set some standards for people to follow to create an ideal society. Along with the enlightening journey and education of Martin Luther King Jr., there are some other things we can learn from his life:
Don't be afraid to demand and work for change :
Don’t be afraid to demand and work for change. It seemed as if even the law was not untouched by it. In this situation, leaders with their strong will demanded what was their right. Martin Luther King also demanded change with full zeal and as we all know, these efforts were rewarded wonderfully.
The idea of dreaming is more important than any other message of Martin Luther King Jr. that is etched in people’s hearts. Dreaming of a better tomorrow for all without any hatred and prejudice led to racial freedom in the USA.
The power of such dreams has put the reins of power in the hands of the weak, along with which people hope for a better tomorrow every day. As much as it is important to work, it is equally important to dream.
Stand strong for justice in the face of adversity :
While working for racial equality, Martin Luther King faced a lot of opposition. He was threatened by opponents and his house was even bombed. Facing these oppositions with the law, he never gave up his ideas. He stood up for his people until he was killed in an attack during a peace march.
While working for racial equality, it was important to understand that the ultimate goal was not to take revenge for the past but to end this practice. Hatred in hearts can become an obstacle in creating equality, so Martin Luther King chose the best option for work, these were non-violence and love.
Love for white people was also visible in his protest and this was the reason behind the success of his movement. At its core, it was a progressive step in every way because of compassion and forgiveness instead of hatred.
Mahatma Gandhi on Satyagraha | MK Gandhi
About Mahatma Gandhi : who led revolution without weapons
Satyagraha was not originally related to MK Gandhi. Even before him, the idea of Satyagraha is widely mentioned in religious texts like Upanishads, Ramayana, Mahabharata, Gita, Quran and many other books. The work of putting it into practice has been done from time to time by many Indians and Westerners like Prahlad, Raja Harishchandra, Sakurat, Plato, Jesus Christ, Emperor Ashoka. Prahlad was perhaps the first person to practice Satyagraha against the atrocities of his cruel father. At that time, it was not understood in the true sense of Satyagraha. According to MK Gandhi, “The principle of Satyagraha came into existence before its naming. In fact, when it was born I myself did not know what it was.”
Some Westerners believe that Gandhi derived the idea of Satyagraha from the New Testament of Jesus Christ, especially the Teachings on the Father. Some others believe that he derived the idea from the writings of Tolstoy, while Tolstoy himself derived it from the New Testament. In fact Gandhi’s idea of Satyagraha was inspired neither by Jesus Christ nor by Tolstoy, but the main basis of his inspiration was his own Vaishnavite faith in which he had unshakable faith.”
If observed carefully, Satyagraha appears to have originated from Indian traditions. Meaning and Origin of Satyagraha.
The word Satyagraha is basically a Sanskrit word. It is a combination of two words Satya and Agraha. Its literal meaning is insistence on truth. In other words, Satyagraha means sticking to truth and persevering in the attainment of truth.
Defining Satyagraha, Gandhi writes:
“Truth demands the insistence of love and thus this insistence becomes a synonym for strength. This is why I began to call the Indian movement Satyagraha instead of Passive Resistance, which means a force based on the strong pillars of truth, love and non-violence.”
Gandhi in ‘Indian Opinion’ outlined Satyagraha as firmness in a sacred cause. In Young India he points out that Satyagraha is only a new form of the ‘doctrine of self-suffering’ and in Hind Swaraj he declares that “self-sacrifice is infinitely more preferable than the sacrifice of others” and a self-sacrificer, i.e. a self-sufferer, does not by his actions injure others. Satyagraha, which was Gandhi’s supreme invention, discovery or creation, talks of a relentless, unceasing pursuit of truth where there is no room for violence, hatred, envy, conceit and malice. His concept means inaction, It was not meekness, helplessness or self-indulgence. In fact it refers to a way of thinking and a philosophy of life of the human mind which rests on a strong desire to achieve a noble goal, an unflinching faith in the principle of the victory of love over hatred, voluntary self-suffering for the transformation of hearts and the patient and active use of non-violent and just means to achieve these goals. In the words of the famous Gandhian Acharya J. B. Kripani, “Satyagraha demands something more than just attack. It refers to the continuous moral upliftment of the struggling masses. It also means moral defeat of opponents. A satyagraha is non-cooperative rather than a strike. Satyagraha in its truest sense is a continuous and active search for truth and non-violent struggle against untruth. Satyagraha also means the assertion of the power of the human soul against political and economic domination, which always rejects truth for
its false ends. So satyagraha is the highest expression of human consciousness. Consciousness motivates man strongly to non-violent struggle for the attainment of truth.
Satyagraha is the greatest expression of faith, trust, conscience, love and humility. It is a great victory in itself.Satyagraha is the relentless pursuit of truth and the attainment of it. It shows its tenacity, stability but sharpness.
In fact there is no force in the world as resilient, gentle and clear as it. It raises the self-force against injustice, injustice, oppression and exploitation. Literally it means. “The pressure of truth” which finds its expression in self-suffering, faith, determination, self-realization and self-confidence. The principle of Satyagraha is not a new discovery. It is as old as Patanjali. MK Gandhi made a strong effort to connect its origin with the idea of enmity. Calling Satyagraha Kamadhenu, Gandhi said that it is useful for both the Satyagraha and its opponents. Satyagraha has also been related to Vedic Ayugs. Between its original form of ‘human and animal sacrifice’ and its contemporary expression in Satyagraha, (it has gone through a period of sharp divergences in the intellectual rationalization of the Upanishads and the humanistic concerns of the Jains and the Buddhists.)
MK Gandhi discovered this unique weapon during his non-violent struggle against racial discrimination in South Africa. In 1906 Gandhi organised the Indian diaspora in South Africa and devised a novel method of resistance against unjust laws and public practices which Gandhi called ‘Passive Resistance’ but with the passage of time and the intensification of the struggle this name came under suspicion and doubt and it came to be regarded as a weapon of the weak. As a result, it would be considered shameful to use an English word that was not easily comprehensible.
He felt that the movement he had started had deeper implications than passive resistance. So, feeling the need to revive this new kind of resistance, Gandhi announced a small prize in his weekly paper Indian Opinion for suggesting a new and appropriate word. One of his colleagues, Magan Lal Gandhi suggested the word Sadagrah, which means unceasing effort to achieve a noble goal.
Gandhi liked it but also felt that it did not fully express his ideas as he saw it as a truth force whose expression was driven by the divine qualities of truth, love and non-violence. He therefore modified it slightly and named it ‘Satyagraha’ which literally means ‘insistence on truth’. While discussing the origins of Satyagraha with Joseph J. Bock, Gandhi expressed the following views. He said, ‘I remember how a line from a Gujarati poem I learnt in school attracted me immensely.’
It meant something like this: If someone satisfies your lust and in return you also satisfy his lust, there is nothing remarkable in it. The best thing is when you give goodness in return of badness. That line made a strong impression on me in my childhood and I tried my best to apply it in my behaviour. Then came the mention of the teachings on the Father. ‘But surely the Bhagavad Gita must have had the first influence on you?’ he replied, ‘No’. Although I am thoroughly familiar with the Bhagavad Gita in Sanskrit, I never made its teachings the reference for this particular work. In fact the New Testament explained to me the value and usefulness of passive resistance. When I read these lines in the ‘Precepts on the Lord’ – ‘Resist evil and not evil.’ If somebody slaps you on your right cheek, quickly put forward your left cheek also and love your enemy as your loved ones and pray for his well-being because he may be one of the sons of my Father living in heaven, then I will be filled with joy and happiness and I will know that this is the reason why God has given me so much happiness.
Martin Luther Biography | Autobiography of Martin Luther King Jr
Martin Luther King's 'Dream of Equality'
Martin Luther King Jr. speech in American history makes him Civil Rights Movement leader.
Role in the Civil Rights Movement :
Slavery ended in the united North America. Two years later, the Civil War ended. Millions of farm workers in the southern states waited for the dawn of freedom. At one point, it seemed that dawn had arrived. Despite violent obstacles in South America, the army defended the freedom and voting rights of blacks. In 1877, the army withdrew, leaving the defense of South America to political emancipators. Soon, the racist parallel army, the Ku Klux Klan, formed lynching squads readmore.
Martin was an active civil rights activist. He walked 10 million km in the face of injustice. He traveled and gave 2,500 speeches. Martin’s father was a respected Christian preacher. Martin received a doctorate in Christian theology in 1955. He worked as a church pastor. He was a man with an inner desire to ‘serve God and humanity’. That summer, he gave a wonderful speech in front of 2.5 million people in the shadow of the Lincoln Memorial in Washington readmore.
A hundred years ago, a great American (Lincoln) signed the Emancipation Proclamation. This memorable beacon of hope became a beacon for the Negro slaves of the unjust darkness. It shone like a day of light that broke the dark night. However, even after a hundred years, the Negro was still not a free being. He is suffering the painful handicap of the chains of segregation and the chains of discrimination.
We are gathered here today to express this shameful state. As Martin sat down after finishing his written address, he said, “Tell me about your dream, Martin.” The singer Mahalia Jackson asked from the audience. Hearing this, Martin’s lips burst into a lively speech. Friends, we must not fall into the valley of despair.
Despite the hardships we are experiencing, I still have a dream. It is a dream deeply intertwined with the American dream. This country will move forward and live in the full sense of the nation. We will embrace these truths with our own testimony that all men are created equal.
Black and White will unite as brothers :
It is a golden dream that in the toxic, racist Alabama, where the governor’s words like ‘ban, ban’ will disappear and black and white children will one day join hands as brothers.
It is a dream that the day will come when the valleys, the hills, the highlands, the valleys will be leveled and all people will see the light of God together. This is our hope. With this faith I go. With this faith let us tear down the mountains of despair readmore.
Let us turn bitter disagreement into a brotherly voice. Let us work together, let us pray, let us fight for freedom, let us go to prison, and one day we will be free beings. On that day, all of God’s children will sing songs with new meanings.
If America is to be a great nation, freedom must be everywhere (for blacks). When that happens, blacks, whites, Jews, Gentiles, Protestants, Catholics, all of God’s children will sing the ancient Negro spiritual. We are free at last! We are free at last
Photography’s Civil Right Movement impact is huge. here include big part of Africans.
Civil Rights Movement :
Martin’s speech was a keynote in the American civil rights movement. His fiery words combined intellectual argument, religious rhetoric, and patriotic exhortation. The phrase “O my country, freedom is in the making” became a hymn. It gave new heart to black equality advocates.
It warned all politicians in Washington. Finally, in 1964, the US government passed the Civil Rights Act. It officially ended segregation. A year later, the Voting Rights Act freed African Americans from voting discrimination.
The struggle did not end. Discrimination was still severe. Disillusioned black activists rejected Martin’s militant nonviolent struggle. Martin learned nonviolent struggle from Mahatma Gandhi.
By 1968, Martin’s influence had waned. He was an optimist. I have reached the mountaintops of the Promised Land. I may not reach them with you. I want you to know tonight that as citizens we will reach the Promised Land.” The next day, April 4, 1968, 39-year-old Martin Luther King was shot and killed by a white separatist in a Memphis hotel lobby.
Martin’s speech was a keynote in the American civil rights movement.1964, the US government passed the Civil Rights Act
symbol of oppression, exclusion, untouchability, and inequality
In the American West, black skin was a symbol of oppression, exclusion, untouchability, and inequality. White supremacy, power, arrogance, false glory, exploitation, and parasitism. Martin fought for the rights of African-Americans in non-violent methods.
He presented himself as a black nationalist. X is the name of the unknown African family of his ancestors. Malcolm supported the equal rights of blacks. Malcolm criticized Martin’s peaceful campaigns.
The lessons of a great personality and visionary like Martin Luther King Jr. are not contained in a few examples or principles. His entire life is an example for others. Through his words and deeds, Martin set some standards for people to follow to create an ideal society. Along with the enlightening journey and education of Martin Luther King Jr., there are some other things we can learn from his life:
Don't be afraid to demand and work for change :
Don’t be afraid to demand and work for change. It seemed as if even the law was not untouched by it. In this situation, leaders with their strong will demanded what was their right. Martin Luther King also demanded change with full zeal and as we all know, these efforts were rewarded wonderfully.
The idea of dreaming is more important than any other message of Martin Luther King Jr. that is etched in people’s hearts. Dreaming of a better tomorrow for all without any hatred and prejudice led to racial freedom in the USA.
The power of such dreams has put the reins of power in the hands of the weak, along with which people hope for a better tomorrow every day. As much as it is important to work, it is equally important to dream.
Stand strong for justice in the face of adversity :
While working for racial equality, Martin Luther King faced a lot of opposition. He was threatened by opponents and his house was even bombed. Facing these oppositions with the law, he never gave up his ideas. He stood up for his people until he was killed in an attack during a peace march.
While working for racial equality, it was important to understand that the ultimate goal was not to take revenge for the past but to end this practice. Hatred in hearts can become an obstacle in creating equality, so Martin Luther King chose the best option for work, these were non-violence and love.
Love for white people was also visible in his protest and this was the reason behind the success of his movement. At its core, it was a progressive step in every way because of compassion and forgiveness instead of hatred.
Mahatma Gandhi on Satyagraha | MK Gandhi
About Mahatma Gandhi : who led revolution without weapons
Satyagraha was not originally related to MK Gandhi. Even before him, the idea of Satyagraha is widely mentioned in religious texts like Upanishads, Ramayana, Mahabharata, Gita, Quran and many other books. The work of putting it into practice has been done from time to time by many Indians and Westerners like Prahlad, Raja Harishchandra, Sakurat, Plato, Jesus Christ, Emperor Ashoka. Prahlad was perhaps the first person to practice Satyagraha against the atrocities of his cruel father. At that time, it was not understood in the true sense of Satyagraha. According to MK Gandhi, “The principle of Satyagraha came into existence before its naming. In fact, when it was born I myself did not know what it was.”
Some Westerners believe that Gandhi derived the idea of Satyagraha from the New Testament of Jesus Christ, especially the Teachings on the Father. Some others believe that he derived the idea from the writings of Tolstoy, while Tolstoy himself derived it from the New Testament. In fact Gandhi’s idea of Satyagraha was inspired neither by Jesus Christ nor by Tolstoy, but the main basis of his inspiration was his own Vaishnavite faith in which he had unshakable faith.”
If observed carefully, Satyagraha appears to have originated from Indian traditions. Meaning and Origin of Satyagraha.
The word Satyagraha is basically a Sanskrit word. It is a combination of two words Satya and Agraha. Its literal meaning is insistence on truth. In other words, Satyagraha means sticking to truth and persevering in the attainment of truth.
Defining Satyagraha, Gandhi writes:
“Truth demands the insistence of love and thus this insistence becomes a synonym for strength. This is why I began to call the Indian movement Satyagraha instead of Passive Resistance, which means a force based on the strong pillars of truth, love and non-violence.”
Gandhi in ‘Indian Opinion’ outlined Satyagraha as firmness in a sacred cause. In Young India he points out that Satyagraha is only a new form of the ‘doctrine of self-suffering’ and in Hind Swaraj he declares that “self-sacrifice is infinitely more preferable than the sacrifice of others” and a self-sacrificer, i.e. a self-sufferer, does not by his actions injure others. Satyagraha, which was Gandhi’s supreme invention, discovery or creation, talks of a relentless, unceasing pursuit of truth where there is no room for violence, hatred, envy, conceit and malice. His concept means inaction, It was not meekness, helplessness or self-indulgence. In fact it refers to a way of thinking and a philosophy of life of the human mind which rests on a strong desire to achieve a noble goal, an unflinching faith in the principle of the victory of love over hatred, voluntary self-suffering for the transformation of hearts and the patient and active use of non-violent and just means to achieve these goals. In the words of the famous Gandhian Acharya J. B. Kripani, “Satyagraha demands something more than just attack. It refers to the continuous moral upliftment of the struggling masses. It also means moral defeat of opponents. A satyagraha is non-cooperative rather than a strike. Satyagraha in its truest sense is a continuous and active search for truth and non-violent struggle against untruth. Satyagraha also means the assertion of the power of the human soul against political and economic domination, which always rejects truth for
its false ends. So satyagraha is the highest expression of human consciousness. Consciousness motivates man strongly to non-violent struggle for the attainment of truth.
Satyagraha is the greatest expression of faith, trust, conscience, love and humility. It is a great victory in itself.Satyagraha is the relentless pursuit of truth and the attainment of it. It shows its tenacity, stability but sharpness.
In fact there is no force in the world as resilient, gentle and clear as it. It raises the self-force against injustice, injustice, oppression and exploitation. Literally it means. “The pressure of truth” which finds its expression in self-suffering, faith, determination, self-realization and self-confidence. The principle of Satyagraha is not a new discovery. It is as old as Patanjali. MK Gandhi made a strong effort to connect its origin with the idea of enmity. Calling Satyagraha Kamadhenu, Gandhi said that it is useful for both the Satyagraha and its opponents. Satyagraha has also been related to Vedic Ayugs. Between its original form of ‘human and animal sacrifice’ and its contemporary expression in Satyagraha, (it has gone through a period of sharp divergences in the intellectual rationalization of the Upanishads and the humanistic concerns of the Jains and the Buddhists.)
MK Gandhi discovered this unique weapon during his non-violent struggle against racial discrimination in South Africa. In 1906 Gandhi organised the Indian diaspora in South Africa and devised a novel method of resistance against unjust laws and public practices which Gandhi called ‘Passive Resistance’ but with the passage of time and the intensification of the struggle this name came under suspicion and doubt and it came to be regarded as a weapon of the weak. As a result, it would be considered shameful to use an English word that was not easily comprehensible.
He felt that the movement he had started had deeper implications than passive resistance. So, feeling the need to revive this new kind of resistance, Gandhi announced a small prize in his weekly paper Indian Opinion for suggesting a new and appropriate word. One of his colleagues, Magan Lal Gandhi suggested the word Sadagrah, which means unceasing effort to achieve a noble goal.
Gandhi liked it but also felt that it did not fully express his ideas as he saw it as a truth force whose expression was driven by the divine qualities of truth, love and non-violence. He therefore modified it slightly and named it ‘Satyagraha’ which literally means ‘insistence on truth’. While discussing the origins of Satyagraha with Joseph J. Bock, Gandhi expressed the following views. He said, ‘I remember how a line from a Gujarati poem I learnt in school attracted me immensely.’
It meant something like this: If someone satisfies your lust and in return you also satisfy his lust, there is nothing remarkable in it. The best thing is when you give goodness in return of badness. That line made a strong impression on me in my childhood and I tried my best to apply it in my behaviour. Then came the mention of the teachings on the Father. ‘But surely the Bhagavad Gita must have had the first influence on you?’ he replied, ‘No’. Although I am thoroughly familiar with the Bhagavad Gita in Sanskrit, I never made its teachings the reference for this particular work. In fact the New Testament explained to me the value and usefulness of passive resistance. When I read these lines in the ‘Precepts on the Lord’ – ‘Resist evil and not evil.’ If somebody slaps you on your right cheek, quickly put forward your left cheek also and love your enemy as your loved ones and pray for his well-being because he may be one of the sons of my Father living in heaven, then I will be filled with joy and happiness and I will know that this is the reason why God has given me so much happiness.