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Biography of Elizabeth-1

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Queen Elizabeth I: The Woman Who Defined an Era

Elizabeth-1

Elizabeth – 1 was a rainbow of characteristics. She was cunning. She was vain. She was kind, she was intelligent, and she was very manipulative. The daughter of Henry the Eighth and Anne Boleyn, Elizabeth the First’s childhood was tumultuous. After her father executed her mother, her father and brother died. Elizabeth’s older sister, Mary, took the throne. Mary’s Catholic background and Elizabeth’s Protestant background kind of created a situation.

Elizabeth-1 Early Life

Elizabeth the First, queen of England, 1533 to 1603. Elizabeth got to birth in Greenwich on the seventh of September at 15:33. She was the daughter of Henry the Eighth and Anne Boleyn.

They executed Elizabeth’s mother, Anne, for adultery. When Elizabeth was just 2 years old. Henry’s last wife, Catherine Parr, made sure Elizabeth was highly educated and could speak several languages fluently.

Elizabeth-1 Career

When Henry died in 1547, Elizabeth’s half-brother Edward became king, and she lived with Catherine Parr. Edward died in 1553, which meant that Elizabeth’s old half-sister Mary, who became Queen Mary, was determined to return England to Catholicism.

Because Elizabeth was Protestant, she imprisoned Mary in the Tower of London. Mary died from illness in 1558, making Elizabeth her successor to the throne. She became Queen of England at age 25. Elizabeth returned England to Protestantism. Developing the Church of England while maintaining some Catholic elements such as the crucifix. Therefore appeasing both sides of the privy.

Elizabeth-1 – issue of cathelics ?

When Mary just really couldn’t trust Elizabeth, she threw her in the tower for a while and let her live there. Mary died in 1558, leaving Elizabeth as Queen of England.

Her father and her sister had created such turmoil between the Catholics. And the Protestants, falling in and out of favor. Our people were now sure what they should say that they believed in Elizabeth.

Politics 

Elizabeth-1

Elizabeth carefully rewarded the Book of Common Prayer and said if you’re close enough to this, it’s good for England. Elizabeth set the stage for the economy and the arts, particularly fashion and theater, to flourish.

The council shrank. And reduced Catholic influence through member removal. Elizabeth assembled experienced and trustworthy advisors, including William Cecil, Lord Burleigh, who was her secretary of state. And Sir Francis Walsingham, in charge of gathering intelligence.

Personal Life

Nicholas Bacon, lord keeper of the Great Seal, and Nicolas Throckmorton, ambassador to France. One adviser, called Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester, was very close to the Queen and may have been a romantic interest.

Despite numerous courtships and expectations to continue the Tudor dynasty with an heir, Elizabeth declined marriage, stating that the welfare of her country was her priority to an insistent Parliament.

Elizabeth-1 – Golden era of English

During Elizabeth’s reign, England saw a golden age of progress; trade expanded rapidly, bringing in wealth, and exploration brought prestige to the country. In 1580, England saw a golden age of progress; trade expanded rapidly, bringing in wealth, and exploration brought prestige to the country.

Elizabeth-1 – English poetry, theatre, and music raise

Francis Drake became the first Englishman to successfully circumnavigate the earth. And five years later, Sir Walter Raleigh formed a colony on the east coast of North America named Virginia.

The arts also flourished in theatre, poetry, and music with such playwrights as William Shakespeare. A big challenge would face Elizabeth in 1588. In 1587, Elizabeth had her cousin Mary, Queen of Scots, her nearest heir, executed.

Battle with Spain

Elizabeth imprisoned the Catholic Mary as a threat to the throne. Especially as there was no marriage or Protestant heir produced by Elizabeth. Then, the uncovering of a conspiracy to overthrow the Queen ended in Mary being tried for treason after years of surveillance.

After Mary’s execution, Catholic King Philip II of Spain launched an invasion of England to remove Elizabeth and restore Catholicism. As he launched the Spanish Armada, Elizabeth made a speech to the English soldiers at Tilbury.

Death

I know I have the body of a weak, feeble woman. But I have the heart and stomach of a king, and of a king of England. The English Navy, with help from inclement weather, would severely defeat the invading Armada on the 24th of March 1603. Elizabeth died at Richmond Palace. As there was no Tudor heir, the dynasty would come to an end. Then, the Protestant James VI of Scotland would succeed her.The son of her cousin, Mary, Queen of Scots.

Dictatorship 

Because she’s a female monarch, she knows that she can use her appearance in court to create a kind of loyalty. Then, affection for her from the quarters not only came through appearing in fantastic outfits. But also in being painted in fantastic outfits that symbolize her leadership.

Reason Elizebeth – not to marry 

In 1567, Elizabeth arrested her cousin Mary, Queen of Scots, for her alleged involvement in several assassination attempts and had her executed in 1587. Though Elizabeth’s reign began at age 34.

She had yet to marry and produce an heir. It’s very clear that she didn’t want to do what her sister had done, which was to marry a powerful European monarch who would regard himself as a co-ruler.

It’s also likely that she didn’t want one of her own subjects to become her husband, which would give him a kind of power and authority over her. In 1588, Elizabeth’s Navy defeated the invading Spanish Armada, the most powerful force in Europe at the time. The king of Spain, who had thought that God was on his side.

End of Tudor dynasty

I had told him to do this, but God does not favor me. I was wrong; Elizabeth’s triumph was breaking the King of Spain. Elizabeth the First died on March 24th, 1603, after ruling for 44 years.

Her death and the succession of her cousin, James the First, king of England and Scotland, would end the 117 years of the Tudor dynasty. So, Elizabeth I endures as a shrewd survivor. She had a lot of odds against her from the time of her birth onwards.

Not only did she survive, she survived with great success. Mark Twain is often considered America’s first celebrity. Because he was so good at capturing the public imagination, it became important to him to have a public image.

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Julius Caesar Story

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Julius Caesar: The Man Who Changed Rome Forever

During the time of the ancient Roman Empire, many men wrote their names in the eternity of history; some will be remembered as brave and astute commanders, others earned fame for their cruelty and cowardice, but one name still echoes century after century: Gaius Julius Caesar.

Julius Caesar

Julius Caesar Early LIfe

Julius Caesar got birth on July 13th, 100 BC. As a child, Caesar already proved himself as an adventurer, as he was an active and good-spirited boy, but at just 16, his life changed abruptly; his father passed away, and Julius suddenly became the head of his family. Julius was the nephew of Gaius Marius, a great general and politician.

He became famous for his military victories and for reorganizing the model of the Roman legions. Marius was known for his magnetic personality. Also, he was immensely respected by the soldiers who fought alongside him, which influenced the character of the young Julius Caesar, who saw in his uncle a model to be followed.

But during Julius’s adolescence, his uncle waged a civil war against ambitious Lucius Cornelius Sulla. They fought for the control of the city of Rome in the midst of this civil war. Julius Caesar married the daughter of his uncle’s political ally; his beloved’s name was Cornelius Cinna. Together they had a daughter named Julia.

Julius Caesar personal profile

Attempting to get away from Rome as quickly as possible, Julius enlisted in the army, where he fought in distant Turkey. Julius served in the army with great prominence, even receiving the civic crown as a reward for his heroic acts.

His superiors and fellow soldiers quickly recognized him, showing a promising future as a middle-tier commander, but in 78 BC, Julius received the news that his rival had died. Cornelius Sulla had died suddenly; for Julius Caesar, that meant a chance to come home after fulfilling his contract.

In the army, Julius returned to his home; however, to his misfortune, Sulla’s government confiscated his inheritance. To survive, Caesar used his powerful voice and his oratory skills to become a successful lawyer, and by working hard, Julius Caesar was able to rebuild his family’s social status.

Julius Caesar victory over pirates

But he vowed to seek revenge on them across the seas upon his release. The pirates mocked Julius throughout the journey. They ridiculed his arrogance. But at last, they accepted his cash offer. When he was finally free, Julius used his oratory gifts to attract sailors. Warriors to his cause, and using the rest of his fortune, he set up a fleet of ships.

Caesar spent several months sailing and facing pirate ships. He plundered the captured ships, which allowed him to make a profit from his victories. When Julius finally found the pirates who had kidnapped him. Then, he defeated them in battle and had the survivors crucified.

The pirates paid a high price for mocking Julius Caesar, which increased Caesar’s fame. Already renowned in Rome, upon returning, the army recalled him. He left to fight in foreign lands. Julius stood out again on the battlefields. Thus, the position of military tribute. Which guaranteed him the right to command many soldiers and run for political office.

Julius Caesar political career

Julius Caesar returned to Rome in 69 BC. That year, he began his political career, taking up a new post in the Roman Senate. His wife, Cornelia, had become pregnant again. Everything in Caesar’s life seemed peaceful. But to Julius’s misfortune. His beloved wife died that year. Due to a birth filled with complications that stole her life and that of her baby shortly after his wife’s funeral.

The sentence is already in active voice in Spain. He was the administrator of the territories controlled by Rome. One day, Julius decided to get to know the city of Cadiz better. Where he was living. After travelling some distance, he found a statue that time had worn down.

When Julius approached, he noticed that it was a statue of Alexander the Great. As he approached the feet of the statue. Caesar felt an enormous torment and began to cry. He was already 33 years old; he felt he had not conquered anything great in his life yet.

Julius Caesar was equal to Alexander the Great

On the contrary, Alexander the Great at that age had already conquered an empire. At that moment, Caesar swore he would not rest until he was equal to Alexander in his conquests. Julius Caesar fulfilled his role in Spain.

He gained fame as a good governor. And subdued local tribes who had revolted against the Roman occupation. However, Caesar was not happy to spend so much time away from Rome. After completing his service in Spain, he returned to his hometown.

Upon his return to Rome, Julius focused his efforts on achieving new political positions. Julius wanted to be Pontifex Maximus, the highest priest of the Roman religion, but he was running against two other reputable senators to support the campaign. Caesar spent most of his fortune. Julius Caesar knew he could not fail to win this new position.

Julius Caesar governance

If he failed, his political career would be over, and he would be broke for the rest of his life. To get around this problem, Julius allied himself with Marcus Licinius Crassus, known for being the richest man in Rome. Crassus paid off.

He covered half of Julius Caesar’s debt and secured the rest, becoming a valuable ally. Julius was able to win the election and take on the position. So he had hoped for, but he needed to pay off a huge debt to Marcus Crassus. That other powerful men noted the alliance.

General Pompey had importance in the Roman Senate. Other senators respected, even feared, him. Pompey did not like Julius Caesar’s growing ambition; he started watching that man who seemed to stand out from the crowd.

Julius Caesar won election

The years have passed; in 60 BC, Caesar became consul, the highest office in the Roman Republic, as a consul. Julius Caesar obtained great authority in the city of Rome to the point where he could even be immune from the laws of the city and be acquitted of any criminal charge.

Caesar won the election again, and as consul he proved to be a dangerously ambitious man that year. Julius married Calpurnia, who would be his wife for the rest of his life. General Pompey publicly showed his aversion to Julius Caesar and also his discontent with Cuz Crassus to solve this issue.

Julius met with Pompey and Crassus to form a new political and military alliance. This alliance became known as the first triumvirate, in which the three most powerful men of Rome would work together to rule Rome.

Julius Caesar army

Pompey increased the number of soldiers on the streets of the city, providing more security to the population. Crassus bought a large naval fleet and wanted to establish trade routes in distant lands such as Syria and Egypt, increasing his wealth and bringing new products to demand.

Roman markets and Caesar took the military command to conquer new lands for Rome. Julius Caesar’s fortune seemed promising again; he would not waste the opportunity to immortalize his name in history.

Julius Caesar was elected to the post of Roman consul, gaining great authority in all the territories conquered by Rome, but to achieve such an important position, Julius Caesar incurred a gigantic debt to Marcus Crassus, the richest man in Rome.

Caesar goals

Caesar had not yet forgotten that day at the foot of the statue of Alexander the Great; the desire to match Alexander and his conquests was still alive in Julius Caesar’s heart. The best way to achieve his goals was to conquer new territories for Rome, thus confiscating the riches and receiving part of the taxes of the conquered cities and villages.

It was there that Julius Caesar focused his attention on going Gaul was an ancient region classified by the Romans comprising territories that are now France. Belgium and parts of Italy and Germany are located today, for the most part, in Gaul, which was a wild territory full of forests and inhabited by several very hostile Celtic tribes.

With these obstacles, Gaul was not easy to invade, much less to conquer, because it was a difficult task. Julius Caesar made Gaul the main target of his ambitions. On April 58 BC, Caesar marched towards Gaul in command of four legions, some twenty-four thousand soldiers.

Victory over the Gaul tribe

His regions were on top of a hill, gaining a strategic position against the Gauls. The soldiers hid the other parts of the regions on a different hill covered by trees. The Roman regions managed to stop the Gauls’ initial advance.

It was the start of a long and arduous struggle that would last almost a whole day. At the ideal moment, Julius ordered the hidden legions to attack the rear of the Gaul army. The Gauls resisted for some time. But the discipline and determination of the Roman legions defeated them; to take advantage of their enemies, the Helvetians surrendered.

Julius allowed many to be freed, provided they returned to their lands and agreed to work the crops to feed the legions. Others were not so lucky. They sent them as prisoners to Rome. Where the captors would sell them as slaves… This heroic victory marked the beginning of several conquests in Gaul.

Gaul surrendered

Soon after, Caesar and his legions fought the Germanic tribe of the Suevi and achieved another major victory. In the years that followed, Julius Caesar continued to advance in the Gaul territory, establishing new alliances and, in so doing, subjugating tribes or, when necessary, destroying cities and settlements.

Obviously, the Gauls did not peacefully accept the Roman occupation; at times, some tribes rebelled, which provoked new battles. Having suppressed the Belgian rebellion in 55 BC.

Completely, Julius Caesar nearly conquered Gaul. Caesar had accumulated enough wealth to pay his debt to Crassus. And after that he would have enough to live in peace.

60 senators attacked

His nephew, Marcus Brutus, whom Caesar held in great esteem. In order not to arouse any suspicion. One of the senators handed over a parchment with a petition for Caesar to assess. The other senators walked to him, pretending to be interested in reading what was written.

Then, the nearest senator, who had hidden a dagger in his cloak, grabbed Caesar’s robe. Julius Caesar tried to dodge his attacker. But the senator started yelling for help, demanding the other members of the conspiracy to advance.

Sixty senators attacked Caesar. Being mortally wounded by about 23 dagger wounds. One of the last to do it was his own nephew, Marcus Brutus, who dealt the fatal blow in an ironic touch of fate.

Death

Caesar fell at the feet of Pompey’s statue; when he looked up, he saw the face of his nephew, and with his last bit of strength, he pulled a part of his cloak to cover his face, avoiding the shame of looking into the traitor’s eyes.

Julius Caesar survived countless battles and challenges in his life, but now, he lay motionless on the cold floor of the Roman Senate. There are no accurate accounts of Julius Caesar’s last words.

Some believe he sent it to his nephew, Brutus. This sentence was written by William Shakespeare and immortalized in the play in which he portrays Julius Caesar, but the writers Suetonius and Plutarch believe that Caesar did not say a single word at the moment of his death.

After Caesar’s assassination, most of the senators fled from the Senate, fearing they would be caught by the soldiers who were guarding the city and the conspirators. They believed that Caesar’s death would bring the city’s political power back into the hands of the Senate.

Public protest after Caesar death

However, they did not expect the emerging popular uprising. Caesar was seen as a hero by the majority of the population, and when the news of his death spread, the citizens of Rome began to gather to protest against it.

Julius Caesar’s body was brought to be cremated in a public place according to the tradition of the time; a massive number of people attended the ceremony, and as a farewell gesture, they threw wood and personal objects to the funeral pyre caused the fire to rise to such an extent that it damaged the Senate building.

The crowd ran after the conspirators Cassius and Brutus, who, amid that confusion, managed to flee to Greece. Brutus, perhaps consumed by regret, ended up committing suicide in 42 BC.

Emperor add Caeser sirname to their name

Queen Cleopatra and her son, Sigh Aryan, were in Rome at the time, but they returned to Egypt a few days after Julius Caesar died in a public square. Mark Antony read the will of Julius Caesar.

He pointed out his great-nephew Gaius Octavius as his successor and gave him the right to use the name Caesar. Gaius Octavius changed his name to Gaius Julius Caesar Octavius, and a few years after his uncle’s death, he was crowned as the first Roman Emperor.

The following Roman emperors began to include the surname Caesar in their own names. The great story of Julius Caesar came to an end, but the name of this remarkable man became synonymous with greatness.

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Alexandar the Great Autobiography

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Alexander the Great: The Conqueror Who Shaped History

Alexander the Great

In 9th BCE, King Darius of the Persian Empire attacked Greece. This overwhelmed many temples and thousands of statues present here, and for centuries to come, every child of Greece became thirsty for the blood of the Persians. A son, Alexander the Great was born in a small town in Macedonia, Greece.

Alexandar the Great Early Life

He was not an ordinary son but the son of God. Alexander, in 334 B.C., made his kingdom from this small child. He took revenge for his country and destroyed the entire Persian Empire. Now the map of the world looks something like this. 26th B.C.: Alexander’s next target is India on the border.

But suddenly he turns his back and returns to his country, Macedonia. These interconnected elements forged Alexander, history’s greatest warrior, king of kings, emperor, and god. He was born in the first city of Macedonia. As soon as he was born, all the people of the city started considering him the son of Greece. God and his mother, Olympia, also supported him in this.

Now, like all the fathers of the world, his father, Felipe, also wanted to make his son a capable king, for which he got him trained through the Buffalo Colleges present at that time. The name of the world’s most famous philosopher, West Indies, is also included in all these schools, who, in just three years of training, instilled in Alexander such an understanding of patience, open-mindedness, and diplomacy.

Alexandar the Great & Immortal army ?

Everyone dreamed of dismantling the empire. So, to achieve this, in New Delhi, he established a rest house. He started establishing his status in the south, and during this time he started to attract the armies of many cities to his side by joining them with the Indian army so that he could gain the loyalty of all these people when needed.

During this time he faced the fact that Alexander’s army was double the army of the first army, but despite that, Alexander killed them only on the strength of his war strategy and courage.

Obviously, this was a very big thing in itself, due to which the stories of the war of Alexander, the name of Agni, and the immortal stories of his army are described in history. In 9th BCE, King Darius of the Persian Empire attacked Greece.

Alexander the Great politics

Where further sharpened Alexander’s political qualities, and the first glimpse of this was seen by the people of Macedonia when, at the age of only 10, Alexander easily trained an excited horse and solved other problems, and after that, at the age of only 18, he, along with his father, took part in the Battle of 6 Loiyan.

He defeated his supporters and half of the army, and this was a major turning point in Alexander’s journey. At this time, he demonstrated his greatness, and after that, obviously, the confidence of the people kept on increasing, and with that, the arrogance of the center and the hatred towards the empire increased.

The West Indies is also included in all these schools, which in just three years of training instilled in Alexander such an understanding of patience, open-mindedness and diplomacy, which further sharpened Alexander’s political qualities, and the first glimpse of this was seen by the people of Macedonia.

Alexander the Great is immortal ?

At this time, he demonstrated his greatness, and after that, obviously, the confidence of the people kept on increasing, and with that, the arrogance of the center and the hatred towards the empire increased. Everyone dreamt of erasing the empire from the world map, which was seen by every child and his father.

So, to achieve this, a New Delhi-based rest house was under set up. He started establishing his status in the south and during this time he started to attract the army of many cities to his side by joining it with the Indian army, so that he could gain the loyalty of all these people when needed.

During this time he faced the fact that Alexander’s army was double the army of the first army, but despite that, Alexander killed them only on the strength of his war strategy and courage. Obviously, this was a very big thing in itself, due to which the stories of the war of Alexander, the name of Agni and the immortal stories of his army are described in history.of the Persians.

Alexander the Great is not easily with Indian huge army

As soon just reading this gives goosebumps to today’s people and as you know he is not a human being, he has to repeat the mistakes of history which in today’s time are covered in dust in the cupboards.

In this war Alexander got a small glimpse of the power of the Indian Army, after which he won this war with such a big army in his name by using his military skills and cunning intelligence. Despite not being a small nation, after this victory, with the help of his superior strategy and intelligence, Alexander captured many parts of Asia Minor and the places he could not reach surrendered to him on his own.

Alexander the Great promote complete justice, equality and liberty in Persia

Alexander the Great

But even after capturing a part of Persia, he never destroyed the culture of that place, rather he gave freedom to all the Persian commanders, leaders and governors to live according to their wish on the basis of their honesty. This resulted in Alexander winning the hearts of many people by adopting Aristotle’s method of winning hearts without force.

And it can only be said that Alexander’s diplomacy and cleverness is that even after fighting the war, he made a place for himself in the hearts of the people and got control of all the southern parts of the empire. But it is said that the thirst of a lion cannot be quenched with water. And Alexander’s aim was already the destruction of the Persian army.

To fulfill this aim, he started moving with his army towards the most important part of the Persian army. Where he faced the biggest Persian army till date. And I am saying this because I am not aware of Alexander’s army. Because even after increasing his empire so much, this army was much bigger than Alexander’s army.

Alexander the Great Strategy

Now, there were only 2700 people in the army of the king and more than 100,000 people in the army of the king. But your king friend, this woman was well aware of Alexander’s tricks and that is why, in the battle with Alexander, despite having a bigger army, he advised him to stand up and fight.

However, even after a lot of efforts, Alexander could not save his army from Alexander because when the war between these two states started, then using the strategy of Gautama and the army of the king, Alexander used a strategy to kill Alexander.

Alexander first allowed the Persian army to attack his army. So that the Persian army would retreat, and then, as soon as the Persian army retreated, with the desire to win.

Alexander the Great battle with Persia

Alexander sent his convoy behind the Persian army through the gap created there and wreaked havoc there. The frightened Persian army started running away from there. Then his own commander killed him.

This war has been recorded in the pages of history as a war that changed the fate of Alexander because after this war, the biggest empire of the world was destroyed, and Alexander, who was clearly called the son of God, became the master of Asia at the age of just 25.

Not only this, now his empire was not limited to 200; now it had reached the Khan place, but now the question arises here as to whether it was used in 2009, probably not because of the position in which he made every possible effort to win the hearts of the governor.

Alexander the Great - all freedom to Public

And to make a good relationship with the common people. He did not force anything against the law or anything. On the contrary, he himself started celebrating their festivals. Not only this, he also banned any kind of war.

Governor Officer, and he married his enemy’s daughter, Dhairya, in return for which he got the honesty and love of the people as per the ad. But Alexander was a man with a cunning mind;

Only after people were well cared for. Did he accept him as king? And when the serial premiered. Taking advantage of the opportunity, he divided all the wealth into different parts.

His eye on great wealth of Indian sub-continent

This made the entire empire very famous, and in fact there was wealth, property, and business. But it is not true that the people stab the back of success. Because of his own army and commanders.

They were angry with this, and all of them started plotting against him. And they were so cautious about their success that when they came to know about the conspiracy against them,. They killed that person. And this thing and the intoxication of something do not let a person stop under any circumstances.

And Alexander had also gotten addicted to this intoxication. Hence, even after his people’s betrayal, he did not stop. But after the portion army, his eyes fell on the Indian subcontinent beyond the Eastern borders, the reason for which was India’s great wealth and this event of India.

Battle with Porus but nobody win

In order to capture the land, Alexander’s army crossed the Fiber Pass. And reached the Indian subcontinent. Where they faced the Porus king of the state of Porus. Which is today’s Pakistan, who at any cost did not want to let Alexander establish his kingdom on the land of India.

This is why a war broke out between the two. This war was the longest, most difficult, and most dangerous war to date for Alexander’s army. Because the rest of the kingdoms of the world had surrendered before the cunning mind of Alaknanda. But Porus was not ready to accept defeat even after months.

Even after the hard work of the king, he did not win. But his war skills and his passion impressed the emperor a lot. After which he himself not only allowed Porus to rule over the Indian subcontinent. But also gave him more kingdom.

Alexandar paralysed

But the surprising thing is that the king, whom no one in the world could defeat, died at a young age. But even after death, his body was not ready to accept defeat. And hence, even after six days of coronation, his body was not decomposing.

Actually, in June 323 BCA, Alexander reached Babylon, where he died after a fever of 10 days. After which his body got definitely embalmed, then his body did not decompose for six days.

However, if we believe the modern research on this, then Alexander had become paralyzed. Due to a stroke, due to which the demand for oxygen in his body would have been less. The pupils of his eyes would have become large, and his breathing would have become almost negligible.

Death

And because the doctors of that time used to check the breathing instead of the heart, that is why it could have happened. They prematurely declared Alexander dead. Which means that if he had lived for a few more years, his empire would have spread to many places in the world.

Although he could not rule the whole world due to dying at a young age, undeniably, it is only because of him. That we get to see a glimpse of Greek culture in every part of ancient times.

Not only this, even though his empire ended after his death. Remained it intact for the next two years through the age of the Greeks, which is also known as the Greek Empire.

Jo jeeta wahi Sikandar

This is Alexander’s great journey to India, and after the attack, it was collaborative. There was a love affair between Central Asia and Russia. Apart from this, at least there are 500 military forces worldwide. Today, millions of people live there, and there was no subsidy.

He taught his military tactics method to the people while going and going. Even today it is a standard part of military academy curriculam. If we believe in the theory, then Alexander was one of those people in history whose name has been translated in hundreds of languages ​​and cultures, such as Sanskrit, Roman, etc. Withdraw cases of expression. Jo Jeeta Wohi Sikandar in this too.

Sikander means none other than Alexander the Great. Now, before going to school, don’t forget to download it. I will tell you to download India. If you like the video, then definitely like the video and subscribe to increase your knowledge and turn on the question. Such interesting videos can never be seen.

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Biography of Rani Laxmi Bai

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The unwavering warrior Rani Lakshmi Bai of Jhansi

Rani Lakshmi Bai

Rani Lakshmi Bai Early life

Rani Lakshmi Bai declared to the world that a woman is not weak. If she sets her mind to it, she can do anything. There is one great person. Her family had good relations with Nana Sahib. It is believed that both of them were cousins.

Rani Lakshmi Bai Personal Life

Her father, Moro Pant Tambe, fought for the Peshwa of Bittur in the Bittur district court. So the Peshwa loved her very much. Here she raised Manikarnika as his own daughter. She was growing up with all the facilities of a princess.

Mother died in her childhood

Her nickname was Manu. She lost her mother at the age of 4. And she had to go through some tough times at a young age. As her upbringing fell entirely into the hands of her father. She completed her education. Also, she received training in martial arts, like horse riding, shooting, etc.

Rani Lakshmi Bai bravery

Valiant Rani Lakshmi Bai, who not only created history with her courageous deeds. But also she infused courageous energy in the minds of all women.During childhood, Manu was a very intelligent, meticulous student. She who wanted to learn everything. That is why her studies included activities like shooting, horse riding, fencing, and Mala Khamba.

Rani Lakshmi Bai Education

Teachers used to teach Peshwa Bajirao’s children. So Manu also started studying with those children. At the age of seven, Lakshmi Bai learned horse riding. At that age, she also became proficient in sword fighting and archery. Conveniently, she showed more strength than children.

Rani Lakshmi Bai heroic qualities

Rani Lakshmi Bai

In her childhood, Lakshmi Bai heard some mythological heroic tales from her father. She cherished the characteristics and noble qualities of heroes in her heart. Thus, Manu became proficient in using weapons at a young age.

Rani Lakshmi Bai grew up

Together, she practiced with her childhood friends Nana Sahib and Tantia Tope. Manikarnika  grew up very brave as her mother died. When she was just four years old. Later that day, the Maharaja died.

Using weapons and horse riding were Manu’s favorite games. Statue of Rani Lakshmibai of Jhansi, ISKCON Temple, Bangalore .

Rani Lakshmi Bai Marriage

Time passed, and Manu became marriageable. But by 1853, both her son and husband had passed away. Rani decided to adopt a son and look after the government . Now she did the same, and after adopting a son, Gangadhar Rao died on 21 November 1853. His adopted son was named Damodar Rao.But the company government wanted to snatch away her kingdom.

Rani Lakshmi Bai Welfare

Rani continued to do welfare work for the people with great wisdom for as long as she ruled. Therefore, she became the object of love of her people. As a queen, Lakshmi Bai had to stay behind the curtain.

This did not suit the free-thinking queen. She built a gymnasium inside the fort. And she made necessary arrangements for handling weapons and horse riding. Also, she prepared an army of women.

Adversities

That Governor-General at that time, Lord Dalhousie, had initially rejected. Damodar Rao’s claim to the throne was not hereditary. Again, he had applied the theory only when he tried to annex the state to its territories.

Rani Lakshmi Bai Kind nature

The queen was also very kind. One day when she was returning. After worshipping  Kuldevi  Mahalaxmi, some poor people surrounded her. Seeing them, the queen’s heart melted. She announced in the city that on a certain day. The poor should be given clothes, etc.

Rani Lakshmi Bai Life

Although the Maharaja had adopted a boy as his heir before his death. But Lord Dalhousie, the British Governor General of India, refused to accept the adopted heir. So Jhansi attacked to annex under the doctrine of the lost prince. 

The East India Company assigned a representative to the small kingdom. This representative was responsible for overseeing the kingdom’s administrative tasks.

The British Doctrine of Lapse and Jhansi

Under the Doctrine of Lapse policy, British India’s Governor  General  Dalhousie decided to merge the Jhansi state with the British Empire.

Although Rani Lakshmi Bai took the advice of British lawyer John Lang. And she filed a case in the London court. But the British Empire would not permit any decision to be taken against it. So after much debate, it got reject.

Treasury seized

Then the British seized the treasury of the Jhansi state. And they ordered the deduction of the debt of Rani Lakshmi Bai’s husband,  Gangadhar  Rao, from the annual expenses of the queen.

Rani Lakshmi Bai Went to Raj Mahal

The British ordered Lakshmi Bai to vacate the Jhansi fort and palace. After which she had to go to Rani Mahal. Then the British took over Jhansi on 7 March 1854. But Rani Lakshmibai did not lose courage and decided to protect Jhansi at all costs.

Struggle with the British rule

Here Rani Lakshmi Bai started forming a volunteer army to fight the British rule. Lakshmibai recruited women into her army. And Lakshmibai’s women soldiers received training in warfare.

Jhalkari Bai Warrior

In this struggle, the common people of Jhansi also supported the queen. Jhalkari Bai, a brave and loyal warrior, was indeed a lookalike of Rani Lakshmibai. And played a crucial role in the Indian Rebellion of 1857.

War of 1857

In Rani Laxmibai’s war against the British. Aggressively, the British enforced their annexation policy, significantly impacting many Indian rulers. Significantly, the British annexation policy impacted Begum Hazrat Mahal and Begum Zeenat Mahal, the wife of the last Mughal emperor.

Bahudur shah involved

Mughal emperor Bahadur Shah himself was also a victim of this policy. Other notable figures affected included Nana Saheb’s lawyer Azimullah, the king of Shahgarh, and King Mardan Singh of Vanpur.

Tatya Tope support Jhansi

The British annexation policy drove Tatya Tope, a prominent leader, to take action against the British during the Indian Rebellion of 1857. In January 1858, the British army started moving towards Jhansi and surrounded the city in March.

Death of Rani Lakshmi Bai

Together, Tantia Tope and Lakshmi Bai planned a successful attack on the Gwalior city fort. Continue until they were able to seize the treasury and armory. Then the rebels proclaimed Nana Sahib as the Peshwa (ruler).

After Gwalior, Lakshmi Bai moved east to Morar to face another British counterattack led by Rose. Finally, British killed her on June 18, 1858.

British victory

British hanged her father, Moropant Tambe. After the fall of Jhansi. Her adopted son, Damodar Rao, did not inherit from the British. But British granted a grant to Damodar.

Every Indian citizen remembers Rani Lakshmibai for her sacrifices.

Rani Lakshmibai is indeed commemorated in bronze sculptures in both Jhansi and Gwalior, honoring her bravery. Even in this modern era, she is the true epitome of women’s empowerment.

As she could read scriptures and wield a sword with equal power to a man. Sadly, she did not fight to save her kingdom. But she fought for many other things as well.

Pround to be nation

From defending her adopted child’s right to live without being Sati Devi to fighting for her freedom. Actually, she was able to set many examples before society. That is why she reigns in the hearts of the people even today and remains immortal. History of the National Movement.

Inspired Mother

India Post released two postal stamps in 1957 to commemorate the birth anniversary of Rani Lakshmibai. Let every woman in today’s society draw inspiration from Rani Lakshmibai of Jhansi.

How did the daughter of Kashi become the queen of Jhansi, fight bravely with her son tied to her back, and leave the British dead?

Great Mother

Whenever the queen of Jhansi made for mention, a picture emerges in people’s minds. That picture is of the queen tying her son to her back. making her way with unyielding determination and bravery, so tearing the chest of the British. Whenever someone remembers Rani Lakshmibai, this picture must come in front of them.

Great warrior

However, even today people are unaware of many things about Rani Lakshmi Bai. Today we will share some interesting information related to the life of the queen of Jhansi.

We will talk about that queen, who, with her extraordinary talent. Where she forced the world’s biggest dictatorial country to change its policies.

Jhansi ki Rani Laxmi Bai

That queen who even today shows the world the path of women empowerment. That revolutionary woman, who is still alive among the brave women of India in the name of Jhansi ki Rani.

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Autobiography of Margaret Thatcher

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Margaret Thatcher: The Iron Lady of Politics

Margaret Thatcher

Magnaret Thaatcher Early Life

Margaret Thatcher began her career as the first female deputy prime minister. Her talent led her to study chemistry at Oxford University, and she immediately became involved in politics. After graduating in 1947, she worked as a research chemist and studied at the bar in her spare time. Then consultant, specializing in tax law.

Margaret Thatcher Married Life

In 1954, she worked as a consultant specializing in tax law. In 1951 she married the second Earl of Wellington, who was serving as finance minister. So they had the first of two daughters, a son and a daughter, in 1953.

Margaret Thatcher Early political career

First and foremost, she contested elections from the Dartford constituency in 1950. Did it. In this position, she took some sensational decisions.

Magnaret Thatcher won Parliament Election

The first time, Thatcher stood for Parliament in 1950 but was unsuccessful. Despite raising her voter turnout percentage by lobbying local voters. In 1959 she entered the House of Commons in the “safe” parliamentary seat of North Finchley, London.

Gradually, she won the political election for the second time in 1983. When she discouraged the sex circus group about death. She achieved the best by winning within her three positions. This victory was within an administrative group.

Margaret Thatcher Neglect Gramin Sanctions in India

In this document, you have shared the inner feelings of Margaret Thatcher’s political success at that time. And still continue with the neglect of Kerala Gramin Sanctions India. Apart from this, you have told about her objectives that she wanted to adopt. While becoming the prime minister, she then adopted.

Her role in Education and Indian Economy

Along with this, you have also told about the impact she made on education and the Indian economy. This also gave the knowledge of the impact of Margaret Thatcher’s prime ministership on the Indian people.

Document on her Autobiography

Margaret Thatcher

 This document has clearly presented the story of Margaret Thatcher’s life from her early years. Then about how she is becoming the Prime Minister. Her political objectives, her political views, and her religious views have also been briefly told.

This shows how Margaret Thatcher took an active political role. And how she transformed Britain into a more vibrant and independent country.

She was 1st Deputy PM

Hard calculations, Margaret Thatcher made to drive Britain’s economic growth. So she transformed Britain into a stable and successful economy. Here Margaret Thatcher began her career as the first female deputy prime minister.

Thatcher's main economic policies

1. Privatization: The government sector organizations increase competition by selling to private companies.

2. Income taxes reduced: The government reduced income taxes to increase investments in Britain.

3. Union Reforms: Reduce the power of labor unions, improve the business environment.

4. Inflation Control: Measures to reduce inflation through tight economic policies. Took.

5. International Relations: Strengthened relations with America, India, and other countries.

6. Deregulation : Reduce government control over businesses and create new businesses. Encouraged.

Falklands War—1982

In 1982, Argentina occupied the Falkland Islands, a British territory. Then Margaret Thatcher prepared for war; Britain achieved victory. This success increased her popularity.

The increase in population and increasing number of anti-democracy protests caused problems for it. Ultimately, he lost the support of his party on November 28, 1990. And stepped down from the post of Prime Minister.

Stormy Life

Later, Margaret Thatcher She lost her husband in 2003. After suffering from health problems for some time, he passed away on April 8, 2013.

Margaret Thatcher's Legacy

1. A group that led Britain to economic development Anna.

2. Another section criticizes it for not working in favor of poor people.

3.However, she gained the reputation of “Iron Lady” due to her strong decisions.

Her Biography explain how she was extraordinary

How an ordinary woman in world politics It indicates the development of a disease. People will forever remember leaders who take firm decisions and move forward with confidence, demonstrating remarkable courage.

What she made ?

Her bold decisions and strong leadership shaped Britain’s politics and economy. But those decisions affected international relations.

Her Quotes

Hearing the name Margaret Thatcher, leadership, patient decisions, and British economic reforms. So she is a leader who has left her mark on world politics. Actively participated in the Conservative Association in Oxford.

“I am responsible for my life. My decisions, my hard work, my beliefs—these are the reasons for my success.”

– Margaret Thatcher

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Simon Bolivar Autobiography

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The legacy of Simón Bolívar: how one man liberated South America

Simon Boliver

Simon Bolivar Early Life

Simon Bolivar was born in 1783 in a country where this disease was very common. And the loss of cows was very great. Simon Forsway’s family in Venezuela was very wealthy. But originally, he was from Spain. At the age of nine, both of Simon’s grandfather and father died. Many efforts Simon’s mother put into his education. But educating Simon was not an easy task.

Simon Bolivar Education

Ultimately, the education got completed only after the arrival of Simon Yodgyes. Both of them were very talented. For the next six years, until Simon Bolivar was 14, the Youngers taught him the benefits of the teachings of the great philosophers and physicians of Europe.

Among them was Rousseau, a philosopher—a believer in God and possibility. Here Rousseau believed that if diseases lie in the womb of the child. At that time, they ought to train the child to cure itself. During harsh conditions, we must teach the youngsters the skills to survive. Such as those found in Iceland, or the raging seas of the Gulf.

Mahi Fat Yodyegz explained to Sobchak. Along with schooling, Yodyegz taught Sobchak how to fight and how to survive in the city and the streets. In a difficult situation, Yodyegz taught Sobchak how to survive.

Simon Bolivar learned Philosophy

In 1797, Yordeguez had to leave Venezuela. Why? Simon Bolivar had joined a revolutionary movement that ended in disaster. At that time, there were many diseases in Venezuela. Where Spain wanted to destroy in its country. But after some time, both the brothers recovered, and they visited the capital of Venezuela. This brother was the second son of forswear.

Simon Bolivar Family life

Simon Bolivar

At first Simon Bolivar was sixteen years old. Then he married a sixty-eight-year-old wife of a high-ranking Spanish courtier. So he sent his wife back to Venezuela. But ten years later, his wife died of heart disease. His father buried her in the grave. And this second death gave him life. The king was in Paris, France, when Napoleon Bonaparte was the king and became emperor.

Battle with Spanish

When the troops reached Numungranada, there were only a few hundred soldiers in the troops. But his plan to put the Spanish troops under control was successful. By the time the Spanish forces got wind of the troops’ arrival, it was too late. The troops had won the battle.

Three days later, the troops reached Numungranada. In 1821, Simon Forsvere got appointed President of the Royal Commission of Corbima.

Caiafofo battle

The new royal commission had to encircle the countries of New Granada, Venezuela, Tamuto, and Italy. There was only one goal—Venezuela and Italy still had together to defeat.

In June 1821, Forsvere defeated the Spanish army at the Battle of Caiafofo. The next day, Venezuela also wanted to capture.

Married Life

As the President of Venezuela, Forsvere appointed Juan Santamaría. Here Forsyth did the same in New Granada. After that, he established Italy. Forsyth got engaged to Beneira Sain in Italy.

In 1824, Forsyth established a trading post at the Inner Mongolian Peninsula with the help of a group of his men. A few months later, Forsyth also established a trading post at the Inner Mongolian Peninsula. This new country took its name from Forsythia.

Simon Bolivar become Peru President

Simon Bolivar became president of the Force of Peru, Forivima, and the Royal Assembly of Corfu (which included Granada, Venezuela, and Ituido). So he wanted to form a union of Hispanic-American nations.

In 1826 a conference held in Peru at which representatives from the four countries as well as Central America and France attended. Finally, this conference did not come to fruition. But it was certainly the beginning of international cooperation.

Simon Bolivar empire collapse

In 1826, the empire of Simon Force began to collapse. Venezuela and New Granada did not want to be together. After that, a domestic crisis began. Then Force left the country to try to kill the clerk of Corbofima. But Simon Bolivar did not succeed in that either.

Simon Bolivar fear of Wife

The diseases that he wreaked havoc on the country were worse than the war he waged. In 1928, the soldier was shot in the head at Korba. But due to the fear of his wife Bhanuera Sainj, he ran away. He got up, took his horse and rope, and ran towards the door.

Simon Bolivar Murderer enter

But his wife, Bhanuera, stopped him from doing so. The voices coming from outside were, “Down with the dictator! Down with the soldier!” Suddenly Bhaneura opened the window above him and looked out. Then he signaled the soldier. As soon as the soldier jumped out of the window. There door of his cabin broke, and the killers entered through it.

Simon Bolivar Unbelievable death

But then Bhaneura raised his hand and ran towards the killers. Bhaneura’s attack frightened the killers. Bhaneura explained to them that the soldier was not there in the cabin. He had disappeared somewhere. Eventually, Forcery realized that his life was in danger in the very countries he had conquered.

So, in 1830, Simon Forcery left the South African Expeditionary Force and decided to go to Mayo. While he was about to go to Mayo, he got the news that the situation in Mayo had worsened. Forcery then remembered his fate. After that, he lived with one of his admirers, Spencenstein. On 17 December 1830, Simon Forcery died of T.F.

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Rosa Parks Biography

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Rosa Parks: Who started a movement against racism by refusing to leave the bus seat?

Rose Parks

Blacks treat discriminant

It was 1955. At that time, racism was at its peak in the southern American state of Alabama. So slave owners and traders held Black women, men, and children captive and exploited them for their labor and suffering. But they did not have the right to vote. Blacks could not step on the path on which whites walked. Even water taps and bus seats were different among them.

At that time, racial violence and discrimination plagued the nation during this period. So a black woman working in a department store refused to give up her bus seat to a white man. Then the bus driver called the police, and this woman got convicted. Rose Parks did fine, $10, and had to pay an additional $4 court fee.

Rosa Parks protest for Blacks

But the woman’s courageous protest galvanized her to speak out. Then she boldly raised her voice to challenge the racial inequality and discrimination. This woman was Rosa Louise McCauley Parks. Even after this incident, Rosa did not give up. Continuity to blew the trumpet of the fight for equality in America.

She challenged the law against racism. That inspired other people to protest against injustice and discrimination. Individually Rosa’s rebellion had now become everyone’s. This civil movement lasted for about a year. And finally the US Supreme Court had to order that Black citizens could sit anywhere on the bus.

Her marriage to a local barber and fighting against injustice together.

When Rosa was 19 years old, she married a local barber. The name of that barber was Raymond Parks. After this, both of them together raised their voice on many social issues.

She continued to speak there as well. In 1987, Rosa founded ‘The Rosa and Raymond Parks Institute.’. In this institute, youth from the Black community were given training for jobs.

Rosa Parks faced threats

Rose Parks

But Rosa’s journey was not so easy. Then Rosa had to face constant harassment and threats due to the bus boycott movement. Due to this, she lost her job. After which Parks finally decided to move to Detroit with her husband and mother. Where Parks’ brother lived.

Here Parks got the position of an administrative associate in the office of civil rights leader John Conyers Jr. In the year 1965. Long life, Rosa worked here till retirement. So Rosa went to school only five months a year. The rest of the time she had to work in the fields. Again, Rosa completed high school after getting married.

Nixon believe women stay in the kitchen

In such situations, Rosa stated, “I chose to serve as secretary, as I couldn’t bear to decline the request.” Here she worked for local NAACP leader Edgar Nixon. So he believed women should stay in the kitchen. When Parks asked, “Well, how about me?”. Nixon replied, “I need a secretary, and you’re fine.” At that time, the position of secretary was appropriate for women.

As secretary in 1944, Rosa investigated the gang rape of a Black woman in Alabama. Together Parks and other civil rights activists formed ‘The Committee for Equal Justice’ to get justice for the woman. Where the Chicago Defender called ‘the strongest campaign for equal justice of that decade.’.

Rose Parks protest against rape

Continue Parks worked as an anti-rape activist for five years. Then Parks also worked for some time at Maxwell Air Force Base. Boldly, Rosa Parks refused to surrender her bus seat in 1955. The first time it was not that she clashed with bus driver James Blake.

Here Parks had protested against the injustice against Black citizens. In the same bus 12 years before this incident. But she protested against the rule for Black people to get off the bus. And re-enter from the back door. When Rosa refused to do so. Badly, Blake got angry and pulled Rosa’s coat sleeve and asked her to get off the bus.

Rosa Parks wrote her biography

She got in through the back door, but Park thought it better. Due to leave the bus instead of doing so. In the years after her retirement, Rosa traveled to support civil rights events. Self-support, she wrote an autobiography called Rosa Parks: My Story.

According to the website History, in her autobiography, she mentioned the bus incident. Supposedly, she was writing, “People always say I didn’t give up my seat because I got tired. But that’s not true. Physically, I wasn’t tired.

I wasn’t old, although some people thought I was old at that time. But I was forty-two. When I got tired of only one thing: giving up.” Rosa Parks initiated a wave of resistance against racism. When she boldly refused to vacate her bus seat.

Civil rights movement

The name of this woman who refused to leave her seat was Rosa Parks. Now she had to face punishment for this bravery. Police officers arrested Rosa Parks. But Rosa had done her job. So she had created the spark. For a long time, the Black community had been patiently awaiting change. Then the Montgomery bus boycott had become an issue.

People like Martin Luther King Jr. were playing an active role in this campaign. But this was just the beginning. The objective was that everyone in America should get equal rights.

There should be no racial or caste discrimination against anyone. And the most important thing was to end the humiliating ‘Jim Crow segregation.’. Due to which the Society consistently despised and marginalized the Black community.

Racism

Here, African Americans also could not eat in restaurants like white people. This continued until 1963, when the US government finally had to end it. Due to the efforts of people like Rosa Parks and Martin Luther King Jr.

Death

Honored with America’s highest civilian award.

From the US government, Rosa got the ‘Congressional Gold Medal of Honor’ in 1999. It is called America’s highest civilian award. Even in her old age, Rosa was always vocal for civil rights. In 2005, at the age of 92, Rosa said goodbye to this world.

But throughout her life, the mother of this civil rights movement continued to speak fearlessly for the truth. She used to say, ‘If you are doing the right thing, then you should never be afraid of anything.’

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Sambhaji Maharaj Biography

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Sambhaji Maharaj, who did not convert even after being tortured and having his body cut into pieces

Sambhaji Maharaj

Sambhaji Maharaj Chhaava movie

For 9 years, Sambhaji Maharaj also fought like his father. This film Chava is based on the life of the second ruler of the Maratha Empire. So the son of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj is doing well at the box office.

In this, Vicky Kaushal’s performance brings the character of Shambhaji to life. Greatly, Director Laxman Utekar made this film to touch the hearts of the audience. This film has also received critical acclaim and praise on social media.

Sambhaji maharaj converted into Islam ?

So Shambhaji led many military campaigns. The most important of which was the attack on Burhanpur under the Mughal rule. Then he rejected Aurangzeb’s offer to leave him if he converted to Hinduism. But he preferred to sacrifice his life for Hinduism. He refused to back down even in adverse situations.

Now, Shambhaji was also a researcher. While fighting tirelessly to save the kingdom, on the other hand. Here he became proficient in several languages. So much so, he gave priority to education and science.

Sambhaji Maharaj strength

 A lot—we can learn a great deal from his innovative war strategies and leadership. Adhering to the ideology he believed in, the sacrifices he made for the people. And the loyalty he showed to them is indescribable.

Above all, his determination, discipline, and self-reliance remain an inspiration to today’s generation. His life shows that true strength lies not in power alone. But in personality and perseverance.

Aurangazeb dream to Islam India

Being king, Aurangzeb’s dream was to convert Hindu India into an Islamic country. Many people had tried this before him. They did not succeed. Mostly, Shaista Khan, Diler Khan, Dawood Khan, Mahabat Khan, and Bahadur Khan—Marathas defeated all his brave soldiers and subedars.

Hundreds of soldiers and chieftains died in various battles. 50–60 thousand soldiers died. So the Marathas/British/East India Company destroyed the prestige of the Delhi-Mughal empire. Finely, Aurangzeb himself thought of going to the south many times.But he refrained from it due to fear for his life (security issue).

Sambhaji Maharaj maintain Hind Swaraj

During Shivaji’s presence, he trembled with fear. Then, defeat, he thought, would cost him his honor. With the death of Shivaji in 1680, the fear disappeared. A good opportunity came.

For a long time, Shivaji consolidated Hindu Swaraj and gained great prestige. In this race, Shambhaji could not maintain it well. But Shivaji brought great honor to the Hindu throne. Shambhaji earned a reputation as a great warrior.

Sambhaji maharaj protest women
Sambhaji Maharaj

His whole life, Shambhaji showed his anger to the Mughal rulers. And he fiercely defended Hindu women against Mughal atrocities. So he took the responsibility of saving the honor and lives of Hindu women. Mostly those who were facing severe troubles due to the Mughals.

None of Aurangzeb’s chieftains and soldiers came forward to confront Shambhaji. Such was the valor of Shambhaji. Aurangzeb asked his eldest son to go and attack Shambhaji.

What happened to Aurangazeb son?

Here he conditioned that Amir Khan must accompany the army to Afghanistan. Then he would go and attack Shambhaji. Recalling Amir Khan would result in the loss of the territory. So it would fall under the control of Afghanistan’s enemies.

It became clear that none of his allies were ready to confront Shambhaji. In a hopeless situation, Aurangzeb temporarily abandoned his attempt to attack Maharashtra.

Aurangazeb captured Bijapur and Golconda

In this, he tried to subdue the sultans of Bijapur and Golconda for three years. So this was a good opportunity for Shambhaji. But Shambhaji did not make much effort to profit from it. Shambhaji focused on reorganizing his internal administration. Thinking that he would see if Aurangzeb attacked him.

That time, Aurangzeb noticed this situation. Here he took the initiative to take advantage. He moved his army. So he attacked the parts of Maharashtra that were Hindu Swaraj. Finally, the Mughal soldiers took control of Khandesh and Konkan.

However, Aurangzeb knew that Shambhaji’s survival stood in the way of his conquest of Maharashtra. So Sambhaji excelled in the struggle for independence.

Sambhaji always thinks like Shivaji?

Only by capturing and converting Sambhaji to his side. But he would make the expansion of the Mughal empire in the south and Maharashtra possible. He thought of a strategy to capture Sambhaji. But again, Sambhaji did not think comprehensively like Shivaji.

The ministers, soldiers, and people should have ascended the throne with the consent of all. But since Sambhaji ascended the throne immediately after Shivaji died. So not everything is known to Sambhaji.

Aurangazeb continuous attack

Sambhaji spent his time in continuous wars with Aurangzeb. Regardless of the experienced elders who worked for Shivaji. Since he was a brave warrior, he easily faced Aurangzeb. Due to Shivaji, he established a good system.

Continuously, Shambhaji regretted his unilateral decisions. Danger had already loomed. He bravely refused Aurangzeb’s order.Aurangzeb became angry. He tied his legs and arms tightly and completely restrained him. So he ordered their chief to bring Shambhaji before him. After capture, he tortured him repeatedly and repeatedly to convert to Islam.

Sacrifice

Shambhaji, while enduring the pain, smiled and defied Aurangzeb. Then he defiantly proclaimed his fearlessness in the face of death. So Aurangzeb’s anger reached its peak. Aurangzeb’s men brutally tortured him for 40 days.

They ripped out his eyeballs and tore off his nails. Then savagely peeled off his skin while he was still alive. He asked if he would convert to Islam. He promised to give me his daughter’s hand in marriage. He also assured me that he would not convert to Islam. That he would not capture even a single fort.

Death

Sambhaji roared with the courage of a lion. Finally, in 1689, he died. A magnificent memorial has now been built at that place, inspiring everyone.

Thus, Sambhaji died a heroic death. And thereafter, the Maratha people reunified. The land that gave birth to many such heroes is ours… Jai Sambhaji Jai Hindu Rashtra.

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Winston Churchill Life Story | Winsten Churchill Quotes

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Winston Churchill was responsible for more than 3 million deaths in India and used to hate Indians

Winston Churchill

Winston Churchill: The War Leader Who Defined an Era

Winston Churchill led Britain with strength and determination. But there is also a dark chapter related to Churchill’s rule in the colonial history of Britain. Here, this is directly related to India.

The twentieth century has faced the horrific situations of two terrible world wars. During both wars, the whole world faced a horrific reality where it could turn into a heap of ashes. Alternatively, it risked establishing a ruthless empire of dictators. Where the dark sheet of intentions of dictators like Hitler and Mussolini was trying to capture the world.

Britain's hero and India's villain

While Churchill is a hero in Britain, he played a villainous role in India. He looked like a leader who fought and defeated a powerful dictator like Hitler.

Birth

Winston Churchill was born in 1874 in Oxfordshire, UK. Winston Churchill served as a skilled and influential politician, writer, skilled administrator, and military officer.

Many famous people of the 20th century saw Churchill’s character as a mix of strengths and flaws. Due to Churchill’s policies in Britain, there was a severe famine in Bengal during the British rule in India.

This is how he became the villain of India
Winston Churchill

Many books reveal that Churchill held negative views about India. These books clearly show Churchill’s negative views about Indians. During the British rule in India, even the British officers often disagreed with Churchill’s decisions for India.

But the system also forced them to comply. According to the data, in the year 1943, when people in Bengal were suffering from hunger. Even then, enough. India is the top producer of rice.

Why Churchill as India villain

During the Second World War, the British exported grains on a large scale for the soldiers. But the British officers hoarded grains on a large scale for their soldiers stationed in India.

Due to which there was a shortage of grains, and the weather also played spoilsport. During that time, Indians labeled Churchill the villain of India. Because he did not try to stop the deaths. So this is due to starvation in India.

How millions of indian died ?

However, when the situation of starvation in India became dire. So countries like Canada and America offered to supply grains. But British PM Winston Churchill did not make any decision.

He diverted the ship that went for help from Australia and called it to Europe. Due to this step of Churchill, more than 3 million people died of starvation in West Bengal, Bangladesh, Odisha, and Bihar.

Winston Churchill on Bengal Crisis

There is no doubt that people see him as a strong leader in Britain. But in Britain’s colonial history, a dark chapter also got committed under his rule. So this directly affected India.

The people of India consider Churchill responsible for the deaths of millions due to hunger in Bengal in 1943. Most historians of the country also hold him accountable for this tragedy.

According to an estimate, more than 3 million people died due to lack of food in this famine. Most historians believe that Churchill’s policies caused this to happen. Otherwise, proper actions could have prevented many deaths.

Shashi Taroor comment on Winston Churchill

Many historians, as well as Congress party leader Shashi Tharoor, consistently blame Winston Churchill for millions of deaths. He condemned Churchill for the famine in 1943.

Once Shashi Tharoor said in his speech in Britain, “Mr. Churchill needs to be studied in depth. His hands are as bloody as Hitler’s, especially because of the decisions that led to the terrible food crisis of Bengal in 1943-44, in which 43 lakh people died.”

Winston Churchill over Women enforcement for prostitution

Historians report that economic hardship forced many women into prostitution to support their families. This desperate measure was often taken to ensure their children’s survival.

In other parts of the country too, the authorities withheld food grain supplies under the pretext of famine. Because in reality, the then PM of Britain, Winston Churchill, did not want India to ever become independent. He wanted to exploit the Indians.

How wrong Winston Churchill was about India

A controversy recently erupted in Britain earlier this month. So labour leader John McDonnell sparked the debate by criticizing Winston Churchill. Here McDonnell condemned Churchill’s decision in 1910 to order security forces to fire on striking workers.

His political opponents attacked him savagely. Then Sir Nicholas Soames defended his grandfather Winston Churchill’s reputation, stating that a cheap politician seeking attention couldn’t tarnish it.

Continuously, he actively shielded Churchill’s legacy from criticism, asserting its endurance against any attacks. Then he actively shielded Churchill’s legacy, believing it could withstand any criticism. I don’t think it will cause a stir in the world.”

Churchill decisions against Nazis

As far as Britain is concerned, this may be true. But Churchill stood up to the Nazis, earning him reverence for his courageous stance. when none of his party colleagues were willing to.

Police firing caused an isolated death, which seems insignificant compared to the numerous deaths. He suffered defending his country during World War II. Critics in India have actively targeted Churchill’s reputation, condemning his actions and views on the country.

Hatrate towards Gandhi

 His expressed disdain for Indians widely condemned Churchill for calling Indians “a beastly people” with “a beastly religion.”. His hatred of Gandhi and his refusal to give food aid to the starving peasants of Bengal are well known. strong basis for impeachment against him is a document I recently obtained from the archives.

He said that in any case, British rule in India should continue indefinitely. So he expressed his discontent with the term “Dominion Status.”. He felt that its usage was incorrect and led to misunderstandings.

Death

Churchill wrote that ‘it is wrong for the highest servants of the Crown. Whether ministers, viceroys, or governors, to use the term or to raise hopes by it. Unless they are certain that it will become a reality in a certain time.

Churchill envisions India as a self-governing unit, similar to Canada or Australia. He can achieve this goal, but only in a hundred or two hundred years. 

However, if this is indeed his intention, he should explicitly state that it’s a long-term objective. Using the term without clarification may lead to misunderstandings.Churchill died in 1965 in London.

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John F Kennedy Autobiography

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Story of President John F Kennedy's murder: That woman remained a mystery; the killer was never found

John F Kennedy

John F Kennedy Birth and family

His father’s name was Joseph, and his mother’s name was Rose Kennedy. He belonged to an Irish Catholic political family. Kennedy studied in private schools like Canterbury and Choate.

John F Kennedy Political journey

1960 was a very tough election. John F. Kennedy defeated the much-admired Republican, Richard Nixon. Here this election was memorable for millions of people. Humble John F. Kennedy came across very well on TV. That man looked more relaxed and professional on camera.

For the first time, Kennedy elected a Roman Catholic president in the US. So this was a big issue in the US. During his inauguration, he gave a memorable speech where he encouraged the citizens to help make the country strong again.

Action against Civil rights

Let us tell you that people count President John F. Kennedy among the capable and best presidents of America. So they elected him president of America in the year 1960. Remarkably, Kennedy took actions to advance civil rights in America.

These actions elevated him to the visionary level of both Presidents Lincoln and Washington. Yet he is also the first and perhaps the only American president in the world. Kennedy, who had to face one of the most important moments in the world.

Strong decisions on Cuba

In such a situation, the question was whether Russian Premier Khrushchev was testing young Kennedy. Then Kennedy ordered the US Navy to blockade the Caribbean island of Cuba. So he made an important decision that proved to be crucial.

During this time, the whole world watched to see who would back down first. And during this time, Kennedy won. John F. Kennedy’s ability is worth mentioning. Many aspects of his life shaped John F. Kennedy’s strength to lead.

Before becoming president, he was also a naval combat officer in the South Pacific. He was fighting the Japanese after the attack on Pearl Harbor. He had the ability to make quick decisions.

John F Kennedy decisions on invade Cuba
John F Kennedy

In 1961, Kennedy ordered the invasion of Cuba. And this invasion did not succeed. The Soviet Union had moved missiles into Cuba. They were about to launch airstrikes on several missile bases of the US military.

But John F. Kennedy found a way to escape with a cautious political approach, and he succeeded. The US forced Cuba to remove those missiles.

When Nehru played Holi with the wife of the American president

Here, Jacqueline, wife of John F. Kennedy, came to India in 1962 for a nine-day visit. Since it was a private visit. But her advisors recommended flying Air India instead of an American airline. So she did the same. In the middle, she took an Air India flight from Rome to Delhi.

Her sister, Princess Lee Radziwill, and her nanny, Provi, also came to India with her. Before coming to India, the three of them visited the Vatican to meet the Pope. Here, Lee felt upset because the Pope refused to meet her. 

The Pope refused to meet Lee because she divorced. While the Pope had no issues with his nanny, Provi, who was the mother of three illegitimate children.

Nehru could not save Kennedy

Was Martin Luther King’s speech going to stop?. Nehru asked BK Nehru, India’s ambassador to America at that time, to find out what the matter was.

I informed the Prime Minister that Jacqueline’s makeup wasn’t done.BK Nehru wrote in his autobiography ‘Nice Guys Finish Second.’. I told the Prime Minister that Jacqueline hadn’t finished her makeup. 

That’s why the plane couldn’t land. Nehru was a little surprised, and he smiled a little. I told him that America’s First Lady doesn’t bother with protocol. For her, looking beautiful is more important than arriving on time.

American queen arrived to India

Anyway, Jacqueline landed, and Nehru welcomed her with bouquets. All the way from Palam to Teen Murti Niwas, thousands of people were standing on both sides of the roads to welcome Jacqueline Kennedy. Many of them had come in their bullock carts to see the ‘Queen of America.’.

Kennedy murder mystery

There have been many presidents in the history of America who could not complete their term. Someone murdered the president of America. Today, through this article, we are going to tell you about an assassin who shot the President of America.

But the murder remains unsolved to this day and to this day. However, some people think that Cuba had a connection to Kennedy’s murder. Thats why they think there was a connection between his murder and Cuba.

Who is killer ?

However, that woman could never be identified. And neither could it be known whether she had a camera or a pistol in her hand. In such a situation, the mystery of Kennedy’s murder became even more complicated.

Whether one person or someone killed Kennedy. Whatever may be the case, that woman has remained a mystery to date. But before the trial could be concluded, a sucker named “Jack Ruby” killed “Lee Harvey Oswald.”. And the trial ended there.

Kennedy as womanizer

John F. Kennedy earned the nickname “Playboy President” due to his reputation as a compulsive womanizer. According to a book, Kennedy had relationships with many women during his tenure as president. Many of the women with whom Kennedy had relationships were famous film actresses of their time.

John F. Kennedy Death File

Here, the United States has released the files on the assassination of President John F. Kennedy. This file shocked not only America but the entire world for the first time. President Donald Trump has not released some specific files as per the instructions of national security agencies.

Officials have released 2,891 files out of a total of 3,191 files. So people consider this assassination a mystery. Officials have stated in the records that an assassin named Lee Harvey Oswald assassinated President Kennedy. Three decades after Kennedy’s assassination.